Portrait of Petronius

Petronius

c. 27–66 · Ancient Rome

“For with my own eyes at Cumae I saw the Sibyl hanging in a bottle, and when the boys said to her: 'What do you want, Sibyl?' she replied: 'I want to die'.”

Ancient Rome1 work in canonFiction
#55of 111Best Authors
Influence35th pct
Popularity8th pct

Peak-work percentile in the canon.

Influence

The lineage through Petronius

Drew From(2)

who shaped Petronius

HomerAncient Greece

via The Odyssey

  • The Satyricon is a mock-epic, and the Odyssey is the thing it mocks
  • Encolpius is the anti-Odysseus: hounded not by Poseidon but by the wrath of Priapus, washing up among con men instead of monsters, meeting a temptress named Circe
  • Read Homer first and every parody lands — the Satyricon assumes you know the grandeur it's deflating
PlatoAncient Greece

via The Symposium

  • Trimalchio's feast is a parody, and the Symposium is the thing it's parodying
  • Petronius models Habinnas's late, drunken intrusion on Alcibiades crashing Plato's banquet — knowing the original makes the joke land
  • Read Plato's elegant drinking party first and the Satyricon's squalid one reads as deliberate desecration, not just chaos
In their words

Famous Quotes

“One hand washes the other.”

— Echion the rag-dealer, ch. 45 (Latin: manus manum lavat) · trans. Firebaugh, The Satyricon

“He has joined the great majority.”

— Seleucus on the dead Chrysanthus, Sec. 42 (Latin: abiit ad plures), The Satyricon

“The world wants to be deceived.”

“HERE RESTS G POMPEIUS TRIMALCHIO ... CONSCIENTIOUS BRAVE LOYAL HE GREW RICH FROM LITTLE AND LEFT THIRTY MILLION SESTERCES BEHIND HE NEVER HEARD A PHILOSOPHER”

— Trimalchio dictating his own epitaph, ch. 71 · trans. Firebaugh, The Satyricon
Biography

About Petronius

Roman courtier and author traditionally identified as Nero's 'arbiter of elegance.' His Satyricon, surviving only in fragments, is a picaresque novel of Roman low-life featuring the famous Trimalchio's feast. It is one of the earliest surviving works of extended prose fiction in Western literature.