Read this if you…
- want the most famous love story ever
- have taken Groble's advice and decided Shakespeare is great
Skip this if you…
- aren't willing to go slow, read notes, look up analyses of famous passages (only way to "get" shakespeare)
- foolishly think shakespeare is overrated
- don't like love poetry
Why It Matters
The most famous love story ever told, and for over 400 years it has shaped how the Western world thinks about young, doomed passion. The play came up with the idea that love strong enough to defy your family is also strong enough to kill you. 'Star-crossed lovers' is Shakespeare's phrase, and every tragic romance since owes it a debt.
The
Take
Awesome poetry and word play. Very fun to read. A little tough in some parts so I recommend a side by side translation. Fun enough story. Mercutio was awesome. And is there a more classic expression of love than Romeo and Juliet? Also Shakespeare has a lot of fun with “opposites” in this one (how love can yield sorrow and darkness can be the light for example), top notch stuff
The lineage through Romeo and Juliet
- Metamorphoses by Ovid. Romeo and Juliet built on it. - The forbidden-lovers, mistaken-death plot was already perfected in Ovid — Pyramus and Thisbe, *Metamorphoses* Book 4 - Shakespeare's direct source was Brooke's *Romeus and Juliet*, but the tragic mechanism descends from the Ovidian tradition, and the play is studded with named allusions like Juliet's Phaethon - Read the Pyramus tale first and the lovers' deaths feel like the fulfillment of an old, inevitable pattern
- Canzoniere by Francesco Petrarca. Romeo and Juliet built on it. - Romeo opens as a parody of the Petrarchan lover Petrarch perfected in *Canzoniere* — all sighs and idolatry for a woman who barely exists to him - The play knows the source by name: Mercutio dismisses Petrarch's Laura as "but a kitchen-wench," and the lovers' first meeting is staged as a shared Petrarchan sonnet - Read *Canzoniere* first and you see what Romeo grows past — the cliché he's trapped in until Juliet makes the love real
Depicted in Art
Romeo, one foot on a rope ladder over a balustrade, leans back to press a final kiss on Juliet's mouth at the bedroom window; the nurse waits in the shadows.
Francesco Hayez, 1823
Pre-dawn parting on a tiny balcony: Romeo, one leg already over the railing into his rope ladder, twists back to kiss Juliet one last time as the sky lightens.
Ford Madox Brown, 1870
Inside the dim Capulet vault, Romeo cradles the limp, white-clad Juliet across his lap, his face turned in anguish into her shoulder, the open sarcophagus behind them.
Eugène Delacroix, 1850
The lovers locked in a full-length embrace and kiss in a shadowy interior, divisionist brushwork dissolving their figures into colored light.
Gaetano Previati, 1891
Juliet lies pale and apparently lifeless on her bed, Paris recoiling at the foot, the nurse and Lord and Lady Capulet bent over her in grief on the wedding morning.
Frederic Leighton, 1858
Romeo, in red doublet and tights, leans back from Juliet's bedroom window at dawn for a final kiss; she clings to his arm as the nurse hovers behind with a curtain pulled back.
Benjamin West, 1778
Mercutio collapses backward into the arms of Benvolio and Romeo on a Verona street, hand pressed to his bleeding side, Tybalt's gang receding behind them.
Frank Bernard Dicksee, 1902
Three-quarter portrait of Juliet against a Venetian canal: a young woman in a brocaded gown nervously fingers a long blue lapis necklace, gaze averted.
John William Waterhouse, 1898
Romeo, on a ladder, leans across the carved stone balustrade to kiss Juliet, who reaches down to him in a white nightgown against a deep night sky.
Julius Kronberg, 1886
The two patriarchs clasp hands over the lovers' shrouded corpses laid side by side; family members weep around them, the friar and watchmen looking on.
Frederic Leighton, 1855
Romeo, halfway over the balcony railing with his foot on a rope ladder, turns back for one last kiss with Juliet at dawn; lilies and ivy spill across the stones.
Eleanor Fortescue-Brickdale
Inside the vaulted Capulet tomb: Romeo and Paris lie dead on the stone floor, Juliet rises confused on her bier as Friar Laurence enters with a torch.
James Northcote, 1789
The balcony scene at dawn: the lovers embrace inside an arched stone balcony, golden morning light spilling over Verona behind them, lilies and a passionflower vine framing the couple.
Frank Bernard Dicksee, 1884
Recommended Editions

Folger Shakespeare Library
2004
Folger's the readable one. Text on one page, notes on the facing page, written in plain English instead of textbook-speak. Catches every word and reference you'd otherwise Google, without breaking the scene to do it.
Please support us by purchasing through these links, at no extra cost to you!
Deep Dive
What It's About
This summary gives away plot details.
Notable Quotes
“O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo?”
“What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.”
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